Introduction to Atoms
Atoms are the fundamental units of matter. Each atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. - Protons: Positively charged, define the atomic number. - Neutrons: Neutral, contribute to atomic mass. - Electrons: Negatively charged, involved in chemical bonding.
The atomic number determines the element. For example, titanium has an atomic number of 22, meaning 22 protons.